Thoughts on purchasing second-hand port machinery

Thinking about purchasing second-hand port machinery equipment

second hand equipment is generally replaced or eliminated by the original user due to the development of production or the change of business direction and the change of the original loading and unloading process. The price of this kind of equipment is often very low. However, because the equipment itself has not reached the life cycle, its use value still exists. If it can be used in the correct loading and unloading process according to the performance of the equipment, it will undoubtedly play a great role and achieve considerable economic benefits. Therefore, many domestic ports have purchased a large number of second-hand equipment according to their own characteristics. However, according to the author's experience, the following aspects should be taken into account in the specific purchase. 1. In production, the selected equipment should be suitable for the actual needs of loading and unloading process in production. Only in this way can its investment benefit be brought into play

the loading and unloading process scheme of our port container terminal is composed of various links such as ship loading and unloading operation, yard operation and loading and unloading vehicle operation. There are many specific process schemes. Considering the existing gantry crane for loading and unloading operations in Hong Kong, the following process flow can be adopted:

scheme 1 gantry crane straddle carrier process flow

scheme 2 gantry crane trailer, frontal crane process flow

as for the purchase of equipment, in order to meet the needs of a production line, scheme 2 must purchase 1 frontal crane, 3 tractors, and 3 trailers, with many models and drivers; In scheme 1, only two straddle trucks need to be purchased, with a single model and fewer drivers. The ship yard operation of this scheme is to transport the containers to the ground at the wharf apron by gantry crane, and then use straddle trucks to transport the containers to the designated container positions at the container yard. In addition, the "field field" and other processes are undertaken by straddle carriers. It can be seen that the containers unloaded from the ship by the gantry crane in scheme 1 can be conveniently placed on the dock, thus saving the alignment time and improving the efficiency of unloading the ship by the gantry crane; At the same time, the straddle transport vehicle has many functions, such as self taking, handling, stacking and loading and unloading vehicles. As a machine, it can complete a variety of operations, and the turnover rate is low. Although the storage yard of the straddle truck scheme occupies a large area, it will not be a problem for our new port in the short term. Therefore, from the perspective of production, the purchase of straddle trucks is the best choice. 2. Technically reliable the so-called technically reliable means that the technical performance of the purchased equipment must meet the requirements of production operations. Since the second-hand equipment is generally used for a certain period of time, its technical performance cannot be compared with that of the new equipment, but the overall difference cannot be too large, especially the following aspects must be guaranteed:

1) productivity. The productivity of equipment is generally expressed by the cargo handling volume per unit time (hour, machine shift). When determining equipment productivity, factors such as port cargo throughput, supporting capacity of existing equipment, labor and energy consumption are usually considered. Therefore, for the purchased second-hand equipment, the productivity must be guaranteed, otherwise it will cause the uncoordinated work of various supporting links and reduce the efficiency of the system. For second-hand equipment that can no longer guarantee productivity, you must be careful when purchasing, otherwise the gains will outweigh the losses

2) reliability. The purchased equipment is required to stably maintain its due technical performance and operate safely and reliably to ensure normal production operations. If the purchased second-hand equipment is over aged or inherently deficient, it may fail frequently in actual use, affecting production and increasing maintenance costs. Sometimes it will even cause accidents and bring greater economic losses

3) environmental protection. Foreign ports often have very high requirements for environmental protection to meet the requirements of different output, and have a strong awareness of environmental protection. Sometimes, the renewal of equipment is also based on environmental protection. Although the general domestic port enterprises have less strict control over environmental protection than foreign countries, improving environmental awareness should become the conscious behavior of enterprises. Because most of the second-hand equipment has been used for a certain period of time, it has different degrees of aging. Therefore, the noise and harmful substances emitted by the equipment cause more serious environmental pollution than new equipment. When purchasing, it is generally required that the noise and harmful substances emitted by the equipment during operation should not exceed the industrial environmental protection standards stipulated by China. It is best to choose the equipment equipped with auxiliary devices to prevent "three wastes" as far as possible. 3. Economically cost-effective. Generally, the printing quality of plastic bags in ports must be uniform. An important factor for enterprises to purchase foreign second-hand equipment is to consider its low price, less investment and short order cycle. It can be used when it is used, and it will soon produce benefits. We also made a price survey when purchasing equipment. Generally, the price of old equipment that can meet the above requirements is only 1/10 ~ 1/5 of that of new equipment. In most cases, the transportation and disassembly costs are higher than the equipment price. Even if all the costs are counted together, the total cost is only 1/8 ~ 1/10 of the new equipment This is very tempting for general port enterprises, such as requiring small fixture structure and non-magnetic. According to the normal production situation of the port, for small and medium-sized equipment such as straddle trucks, the investment can be recovered in a very short time, which reduces the financial pressure of the enterprise and vertically fixes the steel hammer body on the special fixture and burden. Of course, when calculating the equipment purchase cost account, its operating cost must also be comprehensively considered. Because the old equipment has been used for a long time, its technical state becomes worse, and its economic performance will decline, that is, the consumption of fuel and lubricating oil and electric energy is too large, and the downtime is too long. It is meaningless to buy a device with high operating costs that cannot create benefits for the enterprise just because the price of the device itself is low

since the second-hand equipment purchased by our port was put into production for more than a year, it can basically meet the needs of production, and the actual throughput of the port exceeds 1.7 times the original design throughput capacity. In such an overloaded production process, the technical performance of the equipment is relatively stable, has withstood the test, and fully conforms to the basic principles followed when purchasing equipment: applicable in production, technologically advanced, and economically reasonable

of course, the purchase of second-hand equipment is only an expedient measure and a measure in the transitional period. In order to improve the technical level of port loading and unloading and improve the competitiveness of enterprises, the renewal of equipment should be considered as soon as the enterprise can, when the production and profit of second-hand equipment greatly exceed its investment, and the equipment failures are becoming more and more frequent, and the maintenance time is increasing